The Byzantines, for whom matters of doctrine could be settled only by an Ecumenical Council, were scandalized by the presumption of the Pope who was, in their view, merely primus inter pares among the Patriarchs in formulating dogma and claiming both spiritual and temporal supremacy; while to the legalistic and disciplined minds of Rome the old Greek love of theological speculation was repugnant and occasionally shocking. Since the Photian schism two centuries before, friendly relations had been outwardly restored; but the basic problems remained unsolved.